You can use the DHCP snap- in to assign options at the scope, server, reserved address, or class level. The mechanism you use to assign these options is the same for each; the only difference is where you set the options.
When you create an option assignment, remember that it applies to all the clients in the server or the scope from that point forward. Option assignments aren’t retroactive, and they don’t migrate from one scope to another.
Creating and Assigning a New Option
To create a new option and have it assigned, follow these steps:
- Select the scope or server where you want the option assigned.
- Select the corresponding Options node and choose Action ➢ Configure Options.
To set options for a reserved client, right- click its entry in the Reservations node and select Configure Options.
Then you’ll see the Scope Options dialog box, which lists all the options that you might want to configure.
3. To select an individual option, check the box next to it and then use the controls in the Data Entry control group to enter the value you want associated with the option.
4. Continue to add options until you’ve specified all the ones you want attached to the server or scope. Then click OK.
Configuring the DHCP Server for Classes
Now it is time for you to learn how to configure the DHCP server to recognize your customized classes and configure options for them. In Exercise 6.5, you will create a new user class and configure options for the new class. Before you begin, make sure that the computers you want to use in the class have been configured with the ipconfig /setclassid command.
EXERCISE 6.5
Configuring User Class Options
- Open the DHCP snap- in by selecting Administrative Tools ➢ DHCP.
- Right- click the IPv4 item and select Define User Classes.
- Click the Add button in the DHCP User Classes dialog box.
- In the New Class dialog box, enter a descriptive name for the class in the Display Name field. Enter a class ID in the ID field. (Typically, you will enter the class ID in the ASCII portion of the ID field.) When you have finished, click OK.
- The new class appears in the DHCP User Classes dialog box. Click the Close button to return to the DHCP snap- in.
- Right- click the Scope Options node and select Configure Options.
- Click the Advanced tab. Select the class you defined in step 4 from the User Class pop- up menu.
- Configure the options you want to set for the class. Click OK when you have finished. Notice that the options you configured (and the class with which they are associated) appear in the right pane of the DHCP window.
About the Default Routing and Remote Access Predefined User Class
Windows Server 2022 includes a predefined user class called the Default Routing and Remote Access class. This class includes options important to clients connecting to Routing and Remote Access, notably the 051 Lease option.
Be sure to know that the 051 Lease option is included within this class and that it can be used to assign a shorter lease duration for clients connecting to routing and remote access.
Activating and Deactivating Scopes
When you’ve completed the steps in Exercise 6.4 and you’re ready to unleash your new scope so that it can be used to make client assignments, the final required step is activating the scope. When you activate a scope, you’re just telling the server that it’s OK to start handing out addresses from that scope’s address pool. As soon as you activate a scope, addresses from its pool may be assigned to clients. Of course, this is a necessary precondition to getting any use out of your scope.
If you later want to stop using a scope, you can, but be aware that it’s a permanent change. When you deactivate a scope, DHCP tells all clients registered with the scope that they need to release their leases immediately and renew them someplace else— the equivalent of a landlord who evicts tenants when the building is condemned!
Creating a Superscope for IPv4
A superscope allows the DHCP server to provide multiple logical subnet addresses to DHCP clients on a single physical network. You create superscopes with the New Superscope command, which triggers the New Superscope Wizard.
The steps in Exercise 6.6 take you through the process of creating a superscope.
EXERCISE 6.6
Creating a Superscope
- Open the DHCP snap- in by selecting Administrative Tools ➢ DHCP.
- Follow the instructions in Exercise 6.4 to create two scopes: one for 192.168.0.2 through 192.168.0.127 and one for 192.168.1.12 through 192.168.1.127.
- Right- click IPv4 and choose the New Superscope command. The New Superscope Wizard appears. Click the Next button.
- On the Superscope Name page, name your superscope and click Next.
- The Select Scopes page appears, listing all scopes on the current server. Select the two scopes you created in step 2 and then click Next.
- The wizard’s summary page appears. Click Finish to create your scope.
- Verify that your new superscope appears in the DHCP snap- in.
Deleting a Superscope
You can delete a superscope by right- clicking it and choosing the Delete command. A superscope is just an administrative convenience, so you can safely delete one at any time— it doesn’t affect the “real” scopes that make up the superscope.
Adding a Scope to a Superscope
To add a scope to an existing superscope, find the scope you want to add, right-c lick it, and choose Action ➢ Add To Superscope. A dialog box appears, listing all of the superscopes known to this server. Pick the one to which you want the current scope appended and click the OK button.
Removing a Scope from a Superscope
To remove a scope from a superscope, open the superscope and right- click the target scope. The pop- up menu provides a Remove From Superscope command that will do the deed.
Activating and Deactivating Superscopes
Just as with regular scopes, you can activate and deactivate superscopes. The same restrictions and guidelines apply. You must activate a superscope before it can be used, and you must not deactivate it until you want all of your clients to lose their existing leases and be forced to request new ones.
To activate or deactivate a superscope, right- click the superscope name and select Activate or Deactivate, respectively, from the pop-u p menu.
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